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AI and jobs

AI and jobs covers how AI is changing work: which jobs are exposed, where hiring and payrolls are shifting, and the rules on using AI to hire and fire. This page tracks the official estimates from bodies such as the IMF and the ILO, government labor data, what companies say about their own hiring, and the laws on AI in workplace decisions, and it keeps estimates of exposure apart from measured job losses.

11 stories · updated Oct 13

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Key facts

Checked Oct 26

IMF exposure estimate: January 14, 2024: "almost 40 percent of global employment is exposed to AI"; about 60% of jobs in advanced economies, 40% in emerging markets and 26% in low-income countries; "roughly half the exposed jobs may benefit from AI integration"
IMF Staff Discussion Note 2024/001: "Gen-AI: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work," published January 14, 2024, by Mauro Cazzaniga, Florence Jaumotte, Longji Li, Giovanni Melina, Carlo Pizzinelli, Emma J. Rockall and Marina Mendes Tavares
IMF early effects: January 14, 2026: one in 10 job postings in advanced economies requires at least one new skill; employment in AI-vulnerable occupations was 3.6% lower after five years in regions with high demand for AI skills than in regions with less
ILO generative AI exposure index: ILO Working Paper 140, published May 20, 2025: one in four workers globally are in an occupation with some generative AI exposure; 3.3% of global employment is in the highest exposure category; overall exposure is 11% of employment in low-income countries and 34% in high-income countries
US film and sound recording jobs: BLS series CES5051200001, seasonally adjusted: 456,100 in November 2022, the highest since the series began in 1990; 328,500 in September 2026 (preliminary)
BLS on film's decline: April 29, 2026: employment fell "after contending with the pandemic, the resulting reduction in film releases, and multiple worker strikes"; motion picture and video production employment peaked at 289,000 in October 2022
Anthropic's employment study: October 16, 2026, Anthropic-reported: the junior share of technical staff fell from 21% to 14% since early 2025 and the junior share of technical hires from 27% to 9%; "By August interactive AI agent hours outnumbered employees' six to one"
EU AI Act and employment: "AI tools for employment, management of workers and access to self-employment (e.g. CV-sorting software for recruitment)" are a high-risk use case; rules for Annex III high-risk uses extended to December 2, 2027
Italy's Decree 179/2026: Legislative Decree No. 179 of October 7, 2026, adapting Italian law to the EU AI Act; Gazzetta Ufficiale No. 234, October 8, 2026; in force October 23, 2026
Italy's Article 41: Final decisions on hiring, changing or ending employment, including discipline and performance reviews, can't be based solely on automated processing and are reserved to a person with effective and autonomous power; searching for and screening candidates is excluded; worker consent is no exception; a dismissal or other decision in breach is null

Latest on AI and jobs

Policy · AnalysisIMF: AI could affect 40% of jobs. What the number means, and why exposure isn't job lossOn October 12, 2026, IMF chief Kristalina Georgieva called AI a "slow-moving tsunami" for jobs as the IMF and World Bank meetings opened in Bangkok. The 40% figure behind the headlines comes from a January 2024 IMF study of exposure, a measure that isn't the same as a forecast of job losses.Oct 13·7 min read

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